+7 (495) 523-63-49
News about elevators
Modern solutions to the problems of high-rise elevators
In the race for time, the modern horizontal resident of the metropolis has long joined the vertical elevator race. Citizens, living or working high, do not want to wait a long time for the elevator.
Speed issues
The speed of elevators in modern high-rises, with a height above 30 floors, approached 80 km / h, which is higher than that allowed for cars in the city. Climbing up at this speed created two problems for elevator builders.
How exactly do not build the elevator shaft, at such speeds appears horizontal swinging of the cab (vibration). This is physically difficult for passengers, and always being stressed adds fear. In this case, the fight against discomfort is due to the active suspension of the cabin horizontally using the technologies used in modern cars to dampen vibration.
The second most important problem is ear plugging with a rapid change in pressure and noise, like in the subway. To combat noise, similar methods of sealing and soundproofing are used, as well as teardrop-shaped cabs, as in modern trains. To reduce the effect of the pressure drop down the elevator is slower and technical solutions are used to compensate for this phenomenon.
Increased passenger flow due to cab design
Moving a large flow of citizens in administrative skyscrapers during rush hour creates similar problems for elevators, as in the subway. In residential buildings, this problem is less, but it also exists.
Solving such troubles due to the increase in the number of elevators is not very interesting for investors, as it reduces the costly floor space. There are currently design methods to combat this scourge:
- an increase in the area of cabins to almost 10 m2 and lifting capacity of elevators up to 6 tons;
- two-story cabins (two cabins are mounted on one frame for servicing neighboring floors, double deckers);
- Two independent cabins in the same shaft, each with its own counterweight and control, equipped with locks from approaching each other (twins).
These measures significantly increase the useful work of elevators without increasing the number of shafts.
Organizational and technical solutions
After the appearance of skyscrapers above 30 floors, the most common scheme appeared, which became a classic. Usually on the ground floor there are several lifts landing that serve different groups of floors, those floors that they do not serve, they slip through without stopping. For a passenger, the main thing is to get into the right elevator, and he will quickly lift you to the desired place. However, with an increase in the number of storeys above 50, the number of elevators grows and becomes economically unacceptable.
To solve this problem, they simply pointed the previous scheme at each other several times vertically. The ground floor analogs (interchange nodes) were called the "sky lobby" and launched independent non-stop elevators (shuttles) between them. The number of mines has grown slightly, but the problem has yet to be resolved.
The growth of cities up is a continuous process and problems with elevators will appear yet.
Briefly about the replacement of elevators in apartment buildings
When you move up the stairs to the 10th floor during the next breakdown of the elevator, you begin to feel the vital importance of this element of comfort in urban life. And the higher you go, the clearer you understand that it is time to change the elevator.
Decision-making
The decision to replace or repair the elevator may be initiated by a group of dissatisfied homeowners or an accredited equipment service company. After an examination of the condition of the elevator, the volumes are determined, and future work is calculated. Then the general meeting with two-thirds of the votes of the owners decides on the necessary work. The result of the meeting, drawn up by the protocol, is transferred to the Criminal Code and local government for further actions to find financing.
Upgrade or replacement
If the elevator has been used for 25 years or more, according to the technical regulations it must be replaced. Partial equipment upgrades do not resolve the issue of elevator replacement, but, as a less costly temporary measure, can be done.
In a letter dated January 29, 2018 No. 2695-NS / 06 of the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation, it was said that if at least one old element remained in the elevator equipment, it was modernized, not replaced, of the elevator. Playing with terms in the reports can lead to the fact that for another 25 years the equipment will not be replaced, and the allocated budget financing will go to other needs.
If the lifespan of the elevator is less than 25 years, both the elevator can be upgraded and replaced. The decision-making procedure is the same.
Sources of financing
Having agreed to repair or replace the elevator, the meeting of owners plans to finance this work. The elevator economy belongs to the common house property and is maintained at the expense of homeowners, including residents of the first floor. However, estimates for equipment and work to replace the elevator are rarely less than a million rubles, therefore, in addition to the owners' funds, there is the possibility of co-financing with the federal capital repair program or the regional program for the accelerated replacement of elevator equipment.
The opportunity to transfer most of the costs to these programs exists, but it is decided by the commission of municipal authorities after an examination of the condition of the house, the lifespan of the elevator and the financial capabilities of the homeowners.
Technical performance
Replacement or modernization of the elevator consists of the following:
- examination of all equipment and the condition of the mine;
- preparation of design estimates;
- dismantling of equipment for replacement;
- construction works;
- installation of new equipment, cables and automation elements;
- commissioning works;
- Conducting approvals and putting the elevator into operation.
Management organizations are responsible for the safe operation of elevators and may be criminalized for negligence resulting in accidents.
Capital Gate - contrary to gravity
The gates of the capital is the name of the Capital Gate tower, as it is the first to be seen from afar from the Persian Gulf to the city of Abu Dhabi.
To build a building in Abu Dhab, you need to make a unique project for an architectural company so that this building is unique not due to its height, but due to its design and world innovations in its architectural concept. The architectural bureau RMJM London decided to make a unique building in tune with nature, rising from the sand to 160 meters like a deserted whirlwind, all twisted and with a large slope.
For the foundations to withstand the frame of the building, it was necessary to make a core, on which the volumetric structure of the building was subsequently hung. It was decided to drive 490 piles so that the building could withstand the load. Since the tower frame went almost 33 meters beyond the foundation line so that it did not turn over, on the opposite side of the building's inclination, the piles were hammered to the depth of the rock ground to failure.
The first 12 floors of the building were located on a monolithic slab, and the subsequent floors were, as it were, extended with an increase in the height of the building. The central core of the building was made of reinforced concrete. The core structure consists of a reinforcing cage and metal structures, which are fenced with formwork to shape the core. The mobile formwork was poured by 4 m and, after solidification of the concrete, moved upwards with the help of powerful jacks. The central core was designed so that its tilt was performed in the direction of the tilt of the building. And during the load, the building with metal structures that give a visual slope to the building, the central core came into a strictly vertical position. And reinforced concrete, which would be stretched by the weight of the protruding part of the building, will now be strengthened by compression.
To give the core more strength, special wells were left during the pouring with concrete mixture, which pass through five floors and overlap each other. 146 reinforcing elements are laid in these wells, which, after installation, with the help of a tensioning mechanism (pneumatic jacks) pull them with an force equal to approximately the weight of five family cars. After tensioning all the elements, the wells are poured with concrete mixture. This technology allows the core to withstand the load due to the large overhang of the tower.
Now the tower core needs to be loaded using a diagonal grid. This is a gigantic system of steel beams that forms a grid of 720 cruciform sections. Assembling sections requires incredible accuracy so that the loads are evenly distributed. After assembling the diagonal grating, it is necessary to glaze it with triangular glass blocks. In total there are 12.5 thousand of them on the facade of the building.
After mounting the metal structures of the building and glazing the facade, the central core of the tower comes, according to the design, into a strictly vertical position. Now you can carry out the installation of elevators, since the elevator shafts are located in the central core of the skyscraper. In the title of the article we wrote "Installation of elevators in spite of gravity", but this is not so. Installation of elevators in Capital Gate usually occurs, as in all skyscrapers, and there are no special features when servicing elevators.
The construction of Capital Gate began in 2007 and was commissioned at the end of 2011.
On the lower floors of the 35-storey building are office premises. The 5-star hotel with 189 luxurious rooms overlooking the Persian Gulf occupies floors 19 to 33. The five-star hotel offers not only classy rooms with excellent interiors and excellent service, but also conference rooms, fitness centers, a panoramic restaurant and an outdoor pool at a height of 100 meters. A special attraction of Capital Gate can be considered a unique conical atrium, which is the natural interior lighting of the building. And a huge helipad completes the skyscraper.
Capital Gate in June 2010 was in the Guinness Book of Records, as the building with the largest angle of inclination - 18 degrees.
PVE – Pneumatic Vacuum Elevators in Pittsburgh, PA
Buffalo, NY -- (ReleaseWire) -- 08/31/2019 -- Access Elevator, serving Pittsburgh and the surrounding areas, is an authorized dealer and installer of vacuum elevators by Pneumatic Vacuum Elevators, LLC., the only manufacturer of vacuum elevators.
Pneumatic Vacuum Elevators (PVE) are a great option for anyone looking for additional functionality in home elevators. PVE go beyond the restrictions of other elevators to bring mobility options back to more residents than ever before. Many older homes were never designed with the intention of installing home elevators so home elevator engineers have created state-of-art technology, creating systems that function in a wide variety of applications.
For example, early home elevator designs required a shaft design along a load bearing wall. This meant many houses were not configured correctly for an installation. Also, some home elevators required significant amounts of space regarding pits or engine rooms. Again, not all homes or buildings have this space available. Pneumatic Vacuum Elevators do not have these requirements. With their small design footprint, they can be installed almost anywhere, even on a yacht.
Pneumatic Vacuum Elevators from Access Elevator also have another benefit of an enjoyable ride. Some riders may be uncomfortable with the traditional feel of previous home elevators. Jerky movements and small spaces may be awkward and call out the immobility of the rider. PVE have a smooth-ride element by using the power of pneumatic vacuum technology. Also, the elevator shaft itself is clear and provides a calming 360? design.
Another benefit of Pneumatic Vacuum Elevators is the quick installation. Once a model option has been chosen from 6 different color options and three different sizes, installation requires only 2-3 days with minimal interruption to home residents. The various sizes start at a 1-passenger model with 350 lb. capacity to a 3-passenger / 525 lb. capacity model. Pneumatic Vacuum Elevators can help you gain access to two floors or even up to 5 floors within your home.
Pneumatic Vacuum Elevators from Access Elevator are a great choice for the homeowner looking to install a home elevator with a wide range of uses and features. When thinking of adding years to the length of residency in a home, PVE provide a pleasing and superior alternative.
Article from:
Skyscrapers are necessary in the world, but in Russia ...
One of the most famous skyscrapers from the Old Testament is the Tower of Babel. Motivated by ambition, pride, the peoples decided to reach the sky by building a tower. It ended in general tragedy, a mixture of languages, collapse and chaos. Mankind has not lost the desire to reach heaven so far and the construction of skyscrapers - tall buildings for various purposes is scattered throughout the planet. Here are some of them in Russia.
High-rises in Russia and in the world
Russia has always participated in high-rise construction, starting with the spire of the Peter and Paul
fortress and continued in Soviet times with a dream of the Palace of Soviets, surrounded by skyscrapers. The dream remained a dream, but seven high-rise buildings fit very nicely into the face of Moscow.
Modern construction has given us the Moscow City area. Yes, it's impressive, and the non-Russian spot still rises above the city on the beloved city. Time will pass - it will be a mark, even if not like the Kremlin, but still our answer to foreign countries. Good or bad, but of the 10 tallest skyscrapers in Europe - 7 were built with us.
Skyscrapers as a necessity
Initially, the need to build a watchtower, fire tower is generally undeniable - the higher the better. The construction of high temples and bell towers is also quite understandable. Beauty and grandeur should arouse in the believer joy and desire for spiritual heights. The competition in the construction of television towers is also caused by the need to master the mentality of the electorate, the higher the television tower - the wider the influence of television.
At the intersection of gigantic financial flows, land becomes very expensive, so the greed of developers drives buildings of all purposes up into the sky. The desire to remove a large crop from a small land becomes a breeding ground for the fantasies of architects of unique and ordinary construction.
In crowded cities such as Hong Kong or Shanghai, the construction of profitable 40-50 storey business centers and residential buildings has long been mastered. The futuristic mood of architects threatens us with the construction of even higher cities.
In their midst roaming projects turn cities from horizontal to vertical. In the skyscrapers of the future will be all that is now in the cities. Parks, artificial ponds, tennis courts boutiques and pools. The vertical metro (pneumatic or with magnets) will solve the problem of elevators that is still unsolvable for buildings of more than 50 floors.
One of the options for a residential skyscraper offers to hang apartment modules on a rigid frame. Get rich or vice versa, you can hang another apartment in the same place. But most likely high-rise construction, a thing undoubtedly expensive, will lead to some combination of a business center and a capsule hotel, where office plankton will accumulate strength below the floor from its workplace.
Skyscrapers as a demonstration of power and beauty
The desire to build buildings above others has always been prestigious. Participation in this competition by states is necessary to show the development of technology, engineering and economic strength. Although this did not always delight the population. After the construction of the Eiffel Tower, for a long time it was a place to test the wit of critics, but now it is a symbol of Paris. The situation is similar with the Arab tower in Dubai. The demonstration of financial power made the rest of the buildings pull up.
We never lagged behind in this prestigious race. The construction of the Lakhta Center in St. Petersburg is still perceived as the middle finger of competitors from a state-owned company. The wealth and power of this "public heritage" at the same time shows the middle finger to the citizens of the country that are not grasped by the privileges of Gazprom. Maybe with time this building will happen the same as with the Eiffel Tower - it will become, though not the Winter Palace, but at least a marker for new construction.
Do we need it?
In skyscrapers, cities of the future, it is proposed to recreate any environment. Climbed a couple of floors above - mountain air, frost and the sun of Elbrus, not a dozen floors below - a concentrated smell of taiga, virtual mosquitoes and fishing. Wild people finally near the interactive super-TVs.
Have you ever been near a skyscraper or could want to look at the starry sky? And the fire or running water? Of course, progress cannot be stopped, but do we need many skyscraper cities with our open spaces? It is clear that it is convenient to drive the entire government into one building, the efficiency of management will grow, and elevators with flashing lights will not annoy citizens. However, there is no desire to live in a capsule apartment and artificial environment all my life. Maybe next generations will be different. And now - enjoy what you have.
More Articles...
